Mechanical starter for internal-combustion engines.



W. S. PATTISO N.

MECHANICAL STARTER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLIGATION FILED 17513.25, 1914.

1, 1 27,8043, 7 Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

1 'l L w u w W1 Eu asses: 1/; vezz zary W. S. PATTISON. MECHANICALSTARTER FOR INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED IEB.25, 1914. 1, 1 27,804.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

WILLIAM S. PATTISON, 0F DENVER, COLORAD MECHANICAL STARTER FORINTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

memo i.

Specification of Letters latent.

Patented m. e, 1915.

application filed February 25, 1914. Serial No. 821,073.

To all who-m it may concern Be it known that I, \VILLIAM S. PATTI- son,a citizen of the United States, residing at Denver, in the county ofDenver and State of Colorado, have invented a certain new and usefulMechanical Starter for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a mechanical starter forinternal combustion engines, particularly for those used on motorvehicles, of simple, durable and inexpensive construction.

More particularly, it is my object to provide such a starter soconstructed and arranged that the engine may be turned over by thedirect pull upon a lever located convenient to the driver.

Still a further object is to provide such a starting device soconstructed and arranged that should the engine kick back during thetime when the operator is pulling the lever no injury will occur to theoperator.

A further object is to provide such a de vice of compact constructionarranged to be readily and easily attached to an ordinary automobile.

My invention consists in certain details, in the construction,arrangement and combination of the various parts of the device, wherebythe objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully setforth,

pointed out in my claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,in which:

Figure 1 shows a top or plan view of an engine mounted on a motorvehicle and equipped with a starting device embodying my invention, partof the vehicle only being shown. Fig. 2 shows a front elevation of thesame. Fig. 3 shows a vertical, longi tudinal, detail, sect1onal viewwlth portions of the starter, the starter: shaft and pulley.

thereon being shown in side elevation taken on the line 3-3 of Fig.1.Fig. 4 shows an enlarged, vertical, sectional view of the clutch of thestarter, and Fig. 5 shows a transverse, sectional view taken on the line55 of Fig, 1.

In the accompanying drawings, I have .used the reference numeral 10 toindicate projects forwardly the engine shaft 13. In Fig. 2 is shown theradiator 14.

Suitably mhunted in two-part bearings 15 on the engine base is a startershaft 16. Formed on the engine shaft'13 is a clutch member 17. Mountedon the end of the engine shaft and extending beyond it, is a sleeve 18having at its outer end an inwardly extending flange 19. Mounted on theend of the starter shaft 16, adjacent to the end of the engine shaft 13,is-a clutch member 20 which is received within the sleeve 18. Formed onthe outer end of the starter shaft 16 is a clutch member 22havmgcomparatively shallow teeth 23. The clutch member 22 is of greaterdiameter than the shaft 16. Screwed through the center of the clutchmember 22 and into the end of the shaft 16 is a smaller shaft 24.

Mounted on the shaft 24 is a grooved pulley 25 having formed on itsouter surface a small hub 26 which is grooved to form a pulley andhaving on its other side an elongated hub 27 provided with schew threads28 of comparatively .wide pitch. Formed on the inner end of the hub 27is a clutch member having teeth 29 comparatively shallow and designed tocoact with the teeth 23 of against the flange 31 and spaced from theclutch member 22 is a washer Mounted on the shaft 16 and arranged torotate therewith is a flange cup 33 which receives the flange 31 and theend of the sleeve 30. The wall of the cup 33 is split and said cup ismade of somewhat resilient metal and is designed to frictionally gripthe sleeve. 'At its outer end the sleeve 30 is provided with anoutwardly extending annular flange 34 formed on the outer end of whichis a cylindrical annular flange 35 spaced apart from the hub 27. Theflange 35 is formed with a notch 36 in its outer edge which will behereinafter more fully referred to. A detachable pin 37 is extendedthrough the formed on the reduced portion 47, as shown pulley 25 fromthe outside and into the notch 36. In the outer end of the pin 37 is ahead 38.

Secured to the engine base and extending-forwardly therefrom is abracket39. Mounted in the bracket 39 is a vertically arranged pulley 40 in thesame vertical plane as that in which the pulley 25 rests and preferablybelow the level of the upper edge of the pulley 25.

Mounted on the bracket 39 is a horizontal sleeve 41 arranged with itslongitudinal axis at right angles to that of the shaft 24 and slightlybelow the level of the middle of said shaft 24. Slidably butnonrotatably mounted in the end of the sleeve 41 farthest from thesleeve 34 is a short cylindrical rod 42 having bifurcated arms 43 formedon 1ts outer" end to'receive between them a horizontally mounted pulley44 rotating on a short shaft 45 extending through the arms 43. Thepulley 44 is substantially on a level with the lower edge of the raiator 14. The wall of the sleeve 41 is p eferably made thicker for aportion of its length adjacent to the sleeve 30, thereby forming aninternal shoulder 46. 7

Within the sleeve 41, the cylindrical rod 42 is reduced in diameter at47. Slidably mounted on the reduced portion 47, within said cylinder 41,is a coll-'ar 48. Mounted on the reduced portion 47, between the collar48 and the body 42, is a powerful coil spring 49. The movement of. thecollar 48 away from the body 42 is limited by a shoulder in Fig. 5.

At its inner end the sleeve 41 is provided with an inwardly extendingflange 53 which forms a bearing for the reduced portion 47.

p The reduced portion 47 extends beyond the sleeve 41, at the endopposite the body 42, as shown in Fig. 5. Formed on the portion whichso, extends beyond the sleeve 41 are screw threads 50 on which ismounted a nut 52, whereby the movement of the body 42 and reducedportion 47 away from the sleeve 30 is limited.

Mounted on the reduced portion 47, between the flange 53 and the collar48 is a. weaker coil spring 54. The lengths of the spring 49 and thespring 54-are such that the spring 54 normally holds the collar 48slightly spaced away from the shoulder 46,

as shown in Fig, 5. Pivoted in the outer end of the reduced portion 47is a removable device or end 55 designed to swing in a. vertical plan"from horizontal position in line with the reduced portion -17 downwardly and normally held in horizontal position by means of a spring 56.The movable device 5 is'provided at its forward end with a sharp edge 57normally spaced slightly apart. from the flange 35. the purpose of whichwill be hereinafter explained.

Secured to the periphery of the pulley 25 I is a flexible device 58which is extended over the top of the pulley 25, then below and aroundthe pulley 40, around the pulley 44 and through a guide device 59,adjacent to the pulley 44, through the dash 11 to a lever 60 suitablylocated and preferably pivotally mounted within the motor car andadhorizontal plane level with the top or bottom of the grooved hub 26.Secured-to the frame 10 in the rear of the pulley 61, is a coil spring62. the pin 37 is a flexible device '64 which is extended around thepulley 61 and is secured to the spring 62.

I shall now describe the practical operation of my improved starter:Assuming that Secured to the head 38 of' it is desired to crank theengine and that the I lever 60 is at the forward position of itsmovement, said lever is grasped and drawn quickly rearwardly. Theflexible device 58 rotates the pulley 25. The pulley 25 normally standsin such a position that the hub 27 is at its outward position ofmovement withrelation to the sleeve 30. The outward movement of thepulley 25 longitudinally on the shaft 24 is limited by the movement ofthe pin 37 in the notch 36. The notch 36 is of such length that the pin37, while it limits the rotary movement of the pulley 25, y

and the hub 27 with relation to. the sleeve 30, still permits enough ofsaid rotary movement to permit the coacting screw threads on the hub 27and within the sleeve 30 to move the clutch members formed on the hub 27and the shaft 16 to move into or out of engagement as the case may be.hen the lever 60 is drawn back and the pulley 25 is rotated, the hub 27rotates within the sleeve 30, thereby bringing the clutch members lastabove mentioned into operative relation with each other. The movement ofthe sleeve 30 with the pulley 27 is n'evented by a frictional engagementof the flange 31 with the parts adjacent thereto. At about the same timewhen said clutch mei'nbers engage the pin 37 engages the flanges 35 atone end of the notch or slot 36, whereby,

during the rest of the rearward movement of the lever 60. the sleeve 30is rotated with the hub 27.

It will of course be seen that during the larger part of the movement ofthe lever 60 on account of the engagement of the clutch membersheveinbefore referred to, the shaft 16 and the shaft 13 will be rotatedwith the hub 27 and the engine will be thereby turned over.

On the rearward movement. of the lever 60. the 'll(.\'ll'.)l0 device 64is wound upon the hub pox-M01126 and if the engine does not menace startthe lever may be returned to'starting position and the spring 62 andflexible device 64 will rotate the' pulley 25 to its ori inal position.The parts are so arranged that'when the lever 60 is drawn back, the

pulley 25 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figs. 5and 2 which is the same direction as that of the rotation of the engineshaft. If the engine starts during the rearward movement of the lever,the clutch members on the shaft 16 and the hub 27 are disengaged in thefollowing manner.

The rotation of the engine shaft from the engine tends to rotate theparts in the direction indicated by the arrows. The frictionalengagement of the-cap 83 with the sleeve 30 will cause said sleeve torotate with the shaft 16 faster than the hub 27 rotates, and on accountof the action of the screw threads on the hub 27 and sleeve 30 theclutch members will be moved apart.

If the engine should kick back during the cranking operation, the clutchmembers are disengaged in the following manner: The spring 49 is of suchstrength that for ordinary cranking purposes the collar 48 is forcedagainst the shoulder 46, but the spring 49 is not substantiallycontracted. If, however, the engine should kick back while the lever isbeing pulled back, the shafts will be rotated in the direction oppositeto that indicated by the arrows on Figs. 5 and 2, and a powerful jerkwill be imparted to the pulley -14 and the member 42 and will cause thespring. 49 to be contracted, forcing the member 55 against the flange35, thereby rotating the sleeve 30 in the direction indicated by thearrow in Fig. 5 and the direction opposite to the rotation of the hub27, causing the clutch members to disengage.

It will be understood that some changes may be made in the details ofthe construction of my starting device Without departing-from itsessential features, and it is my I intent to cover by this applicationany such changes as may be included within the scope of the appendedclaims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a device of the class described, a support, a starter shaftrotatably mounted thereon and designed to be operatively connected withan engine shaft, a clutch member formed on said starter shaft, a shaftmounted in the endof said starter shaft, a hub mounted on said lastnamed shaft provided with external screw threads and having a clutchmember formed on its end adjacent to the clutch member on the startershaft, an internally screw threaded sleeve mounted on said hub androtatably, but nonsl'idably mounted on said starter shaft, means on saidsleeve and said hub for limiting their rotary movement with relation toeach other so that at one limit of their relative movement the clutchmembers are engaged, while at the other limit they are disengaged, andmeans for imparting rotary movement to said hub.

2. In a device of the class described, a support,a starter shaftrotatably mounted thereon and designed to be operatively connected withan engine shaft, a clutch member formed on said starter shaft, a shaftmounted in the end of said starter shaft, a hub mounted on said lastnamed shaft provided with external screw threads and having a clutchmember formed on its end adjacent to the clutch member on the startershaft, an internally screw threaded sleeve mounted on said hub androtatably, but nonslidably mounted on said starter shaft, means on saidsleeve and said hub for liniiting their rotary movement with relation toeach other so that at one limit of their relative movement the clutchmembers are engaged, While at the other limit they are disengaged, andmeans for imparting rotary movement to said hub, said means comprising apulley on the hub, a flexible device mounted on the pulley, and a leveroperatively connected with said flexible device.

3. In a device of the class described, a support, a starter shaftrotatably mounted thereon and designed to be operatively connected withan engine shaft, a clutch member formed on said starter shaft, a shaftmounted in the end of said starter shaft, a hub mounted on said lastnamed shaft provided with external screw threads and having a clutchmember formed on its end adjacent to the clutch member on the startershaft, an internally screw threaded sleeve mounted on said hub androtatably, but nonslidably mounted on said starter shaft, means on saidsleeve and said hub for limiting their rotary movement with relation toeach other so that at one limit of their relative movement the clutchmembers are engaged, While at the other limit they are disengaged, meansfor imparting rotary movement to said hub, said means comprising apulley on the hub, a flexible device mounted on the pulley, a leveroperatively connected with said flexible device, and yielding means forreturning the parts to their starting positions after they have beenmoved by means of the lever.

4. In a device of the class described, a support, a starter shaftrotatably mounted thereon and designed to be operativcly connected withan engine shaft, a clutch member formed on said starter shaft, a shaftmounted in the end of said starter shaft. a hub mounted on said lastnamed shaft provided with external screw threads and having a clutchmember formed on its end adjacent to the clutch member on the startershaft, an internally threaded sleeve mounted ,so that at one limit oftheir relative movement the clutch members are engaged while at theother limit they are disengaged, means for imparting rotary movement tosaid hub,

said means comprising a pulley on the hub, a flexible device mounted onthe pulley, a

. lever operatively connected with said flexible device, yielding meansfor returning the parts to their starting positions after they have beenmoved by means of the lever, and

means for retarding the rotary movement of said sleeve.

5. In a device of the class described, a support, a starter shaftrotatably mounted thereon and designed to be operatively connected withan engine shaft, a clutch member formedon said starter shaft, a shaftmounted in the end of said starter shaft, a hub mounted on said lastnamed shaft provided with external screw threads and having a clutchmember formed on its end adjacent to the clutch member on the startershaft, an internally threaded sleeve mounted on said hub and rotatablybut non-slidably mounted onsaid starter shaft, means on said sleeve andsaid hub for limiting their rotary movement with relation t each otherso that at one limit of their re ative movement the clutch members areengaged whileat the other limit they are -disengaged, means forimparting rotary movement to said hub, said means comprising a pulley onthe hub,

a flexible device mounted on the pulley, a

lever operatively connected with said flexible device, yielding meansfor returning the parts to their starting positions after they havebeen. moved by means of the lever, means for retarding the rotarymovement of said sleeve, and. said meanscomprising a spring controlleddevice arranged. in the path of said flexible device and designed to bedrawn against said sleeve when said lever is moved to pull on theflexible device for rotating the pulley.

6. In a device of the class described, a support, a starter shaftrotatably mounted thereon and designed to be operatively connected withan engine shaft, a clutch member formed on said starter shaft, a shaftmounted in the end of said starter shaft, a

.hub mounted on said last named shaft provided with external screwthreads and having a clutch member formed on its end adjacent to theclutch member on the starter shaft, an internally threaded sleevemounted on said hub and rotatably but non-slidably mounted on saidstarter shaft, meanson said sleeve and said hub for limiting theirrotary movement with relation to each other so that at one limit oftheir relative movement the clutch members are engaged while atdeviceslidably mounted and having a part arranged in the path of saidflexible device and apart designed to be moved against said sleeve whenthe flexible device is drawn taut, and yielding means on said slidablymounted device for limiting the movement thereof toward said sleeve.

Des Moines, Iowa, January 16, 1914.

WILLIAM 8., PATTISON.

' Witnesses:

Bnssm PATDISON, HARRY M. Yos'r.

